{"id":880,"date":"2021-05-21T13:31:46","date_gmt":"2021-05-21T17:31:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/?page_id=880"},"modified":"2021-06-09T17:47:57","modified_gmt":"2021-06-09T21:47:57","slug":"tolypothrix","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/freshwater-cyanobacteria-of-new-jersey\/visual-guide-to-cyanobacteria-in-new-jersey\/filamentous\/heterocyte-forming\/tolypothrix\/","title":{"rendered":"Tolypothrix"},"content":{"rendered":"

Taxonomy<\/h2>\n
\n
Order<\/dt>\n
Nostocales<\/dd>\n
Family<\/dt>\n
Tolypothrichaceae<\/dd>\n
Genus<\/dt>\n
Tolypothrix<\/em><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n

Examples of Tolypothrix<\/em><\/h2>\n

\n
\n
\"tolypothrix<\/a><\/figure>\n

400X total magnification; 10 \u03bcm scale bar.<\/p><\/div>

\n
\"tolypothrix<\/a><\/figure>\n

400X total magnification; 10 \u03bcm scale bar.<\/p><\/div>

\n
\"tolypothrix<\/a><\/figure>\n

400X total magnification; 10 \u03bcm scale bar.<\/p><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n

Morphology<\/h2>\n

Heteropolar filaments with basal heterocytes and free apical ends, with false branches arising just below the heterocytes; false branching is usually single, less frequently with double false branching; filaments usually flexuous. Uniseriate trichomes; slightly wider or narrower towards the ends in some species; unconstricted to slightly constricted at crosswalls. Sheaths thin or widened; sometimes lamellated; only one trichome in each sheath. Cells typically cylindrical; sometimes barrel-shaped (usually near trichome ends); usually blue-green to olive-green; cell content sometimes with a few granules; terminal cells usually rounded, and sometimes somewhat enlarged. Filaments attached to substrate, or floating if benthic colonies separate from the substrate and float to the surface; colonies sometimes in the form of bush-like or shrub-like clusters; in fascicles or tufts, or forming woolly mats.<\/p>\n

Heterocytes mostly basal, at the bases of false branches; later intercalary as well; solitary or sometimes in short rows; spherical, barrel-shaped, cylindrical, or disc-shaped (flattened, squished). Without akinetes.<\/p>\n

Ecology<\/h2>\n

Aquatic or subaerial, but more commonly aquatic. Aquatic in unpolluted freshwater springs, streams, and alkaline swamps; attached to rocks or aquatic plants, submerged among periphyton, or mat-forming. Subaerial on wet stones, soils, or bark.<\/p>\n

References<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • Johansen, J. R., & Kom\u00e1rek, J. (2015). Filamentous Cyanobacteria. In J. D. Wehr, R. G. Sheath, & J. P. Kociolek (Eds.), Freshwater Algae of North America: Ecology and Classification<\/em> (2nd ed., pp. 183-196). Waltham, MA: Elsevier.<\/li>\n
  • Kom\u00e1rek, J. (2013). Cyanoprokaryota-3. Teil\/Part 3: Heterocytous Genera (J. R. Johansen, Ed.). In B. B\u00fcdel, G. G\u00e4rtner, L. Krienitz, & M. Schagerl (Eds.), S\u00fc\u00dfwasserflora von Mitteleuropa<\/em> (Vol. 19\/3, pp. 427-429). Heidelberg, Germany: Springer Spektrum.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Taxonomy Order Nostocales Family Tolypothrichaceae Genus Tolypothrix Examples of Tolypothrix Morphology Heteropolar filaments with basal heterocytes and free apical ends, with false branches arising just below the heterocytes; false branching is usually single, less frequently with double false branching; filaments usually flexuous. Uniseriate trichomes; slightly wider or narrower towards the ends in some species; unconstricted […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":611,"parent":827,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-880","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/880","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=880"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/880\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1069,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/880\/revisions\/1069"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/827"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/611"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=880"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}