{"id":887,"date":"2021-05-21T13:39:09","date_gmt":"2021-05-21T17:39:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/?page_id=887"},"modified":"2021-06-09T16:58:59","modified_gmt":"2021-06-09T20:58:59","slug":"limnoraphis","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/freshwater-cyanobacteria-of-new-jersey\/visual-guide-to-cyanobacteria-in-new-jersey\/filamentous\/non-heterocyte-forming\/limnoraphis\/","title":{"rendered":"Limnoraphis"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Taxonomy<\/h2>\n<dl class=\"compact\">\n<dt>Order<\/dt>\n<dd>Oscillatoriales<\/dd>\n<dt>Family<\/dt>\n<dd>Oscillatoriaceae<\/dd>\n<dt>Genus<\/dt>\n<dd><em>Limnoraphis<\/em><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<h2>Examples of <em>Limnoraphis<\/em><\/h2>\n<div class=\"prpl-row\"><div class=\"prpl-column one-half\">\n<figure class=\"responsive-image-holder wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"\/water-science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/73\/2021\/05\/limnoraphis-1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"mlt-responsive-image\" data-original-image=\"\/water-science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/73\/2021\/05\/limnoraphis-1.jpg\" src=\"\/responsive-media\/cache\/water-science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/73\/2021\/05\/limnoraphis-1.jpg.0.1x.generic.jpg\" alt=\"limnoraphis (image 1)\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<p>400X total magnification; 20 \u03bcm scale bar.<\/p><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<h2>Morphology<\/h2>\n<p>Straight to slightly flexuous filaments; mostly solitary; rarely in small and irregular aggregations; up to 20 \u03bcm wide, and usually wider than 6 \u03bcm. Sheaths usually present; firm, colorless, fairly thin, with one trichome per sheath. Trichomes cylindrical; unconstricted to slightly constricted at crosswalls; not narrowed at the ends. Cells always shorter than wide; short and discoid (flattened, coin-like shape). Apical cells widely rounded, sometimes with a slightly thickened outer wall; without a calyptra. Aerotopes are present, but develop irregularly in segments along the length of the trichome; Kom\u00e1rek et al (2013) describe these aerotope-filled portions as looking like darker-colored segments scattered along the length of the trichome. Blooms are yellowish-brown in color due to the cells&#8217; relatively high concentration of carotenoids.<\/p>\n<p>This genus was separated relatively recently from <em>Lyngbya<\/em>; the presence of aerotopes and planktic nature of Limnoraphis distinguish it from <em>Lyngbya<\/em> (Kom\u00e1rek et al 2013).<\/p>\n<h2>Ecology<\/h2>\n<p>Planktic or metaphytic in lakes, reservoirs. In the United States, reported from northern lakes. <em>Limnoraphis robusta<\/em> is known to form water blooms in lakes near the western coast of the Americas (from California to Peru).<\/p>\n<h2>References<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Johansen, J. R., &amp; Kom\u00e1rek, J. (2015). Filamentous Cyanobacteria. In J. D. Wehr, R. G. Sheath, &amp; J. P. Kociolek (Eds.), <em>Freshwater Algae of North America: Ecology and Classification<\/em> (2nd ed., pp. 162-177). Waltham, MA: Elsevier.<\/li>\n<li>Kom\u00e1rek, J., Zapomelova, E., Smarda, J., Kopecky, J., Rejmankova, E., Woodhouse, J., Neilan, B.A., &amp; Komarkova, J. (2013). Polyphasic evaluation of <em>Limnoraphis robusta<\/em>, a water\u2013bloom forming cyanobacterium from Lake Atitl\u00e1n, Guatemala, with a description of <em>Limnoraphis<\/em> gen. nov. <em>Fottea, Olomouc<\/em>, 13(1): 39-52.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Taxonomy Order Oscillatoriales Family Oscillatoriaceae Genus Limnoraphis Examples of Limnoraphis Morphology Straight to slightly flexuous filaments; mostly solitary; rarely in small and irregular aggregations; up to 20 \u03bcm wide, and usually wider than 6 \u03bcm. Sheaths usually present; firm, colorless, fairly thin, with one trichome per sheath. Trichomes cylindrical; unconstricted to slightly constricted at crosswalls; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":611,"parent":829,"menu_order":6,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-887","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/887","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=887"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/887\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1040,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/887\/revisions\/1040"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/829"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/611"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.montclair.edu\/water-science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}